Background Electronic gambling machines (EGMs) are among the most harmful forms of gambling. Their widespread availability has been linked to increased gambling activity and a rise in harmful gambling ...

Introduction The COVID-19 Claims Reimbursement for Vaccine Administration for the Uninsured Programme (COVID-19 Uninsured Programme), a novel, short-term federal initiative, reimbursed providers for ...

Background While previous research has suggested that there is an association between fluoride ingestion and the incidence of hypothyroidism, few population level studies have been undertaken. In ...

Background Acute bronchitis (AB) is one of the principal causes of childhood morbidity. Increasing number of studies has shown that air pollution is an important environmental contributor of ...

Background: Directed acyclic graphs, or DAGs, are a useful graphical tool in epidemiologic research that can help identify appropriate analytical strategies in addition to potential unintended ...

Paternal discrepancy (PD) occurs when a child is identified as being biologically fathered by someone other than the man who believes he is the father. This paper examines published evidence on levels ...

Background Little is known about the links between the time that young children go to bed and their cognitive development. In this paper we seek to examine whether bedtimes in early childhood are ...

Introduction Delayed access to antenatal care (‘late booking’) has been linked to increased mortality and morbidity for mother and baby. The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in the UK (2007) ...

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has so far caused about 35 million deaths, while 34 million individuals currently live with HIV.1 ,2 Even if this will have no impact on the course of the epidemic, understanding ...

Background There are substantial socioeconomic inequalities in both life expectancy and healthcare use in England. In this study, we describe how these two sets of inequalities interact by estimating ...

Neighbourhood environments are likely to affect health outcomes in a variety of different ways. Previous submissions to the JECH Gallery have illustrated this fact. For example, Ellaway and Mcintyre ...

Public health interventions may have a range of adverse effects. However, there is limited guidance as to how evaluations should address the possibility of adverse effects. This discussion paper ...