Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are known to increase the risk of pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unclear whether the risk of pneumonia varies ...

Objectives To develop and validate a Lung Cancer Awareness Measure (Lung CAM) and explore the demographical and social predictors of lung cancer awareness in the general population. Methods study 1 ...

In recent decades it has become routine to describe asthma as an atopic disease. A theoretical paradigm has evolved in which allergen exposure produces atopic sensitisation and continued exposure ...

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by pulmonary inflammation and increased pulmonary vascular permeability, which results in non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and ...

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended one- and two-layer cloth face covering against a three-ply surgical mask, we challenged the cloth ...

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) guideline for the management of adults with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) published in 2009 was compared with the 2014 National Institute for Health and Care ...

Introduction Post-discharge pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) within 7–10 days after discharge from hospital admission for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) has been shown not only to result in the well ...

Rationale While cross-sectional studies have shown associations between certain occupational exposures and lower levels of lung function, there was little evidence from population-based studies with ...

### Need for recommendations on managing passengers with lung disease planning air travel Air travel is now a common mode of travel for millions, with a single UK airline carrying over 33 million ...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease of unknown aetiology. There is growing evidence that the lung microbiota may play a role in IPF. However, no study ...

Background Switching inhalers to cheaper equivalent products is often advocated as a necessary cost saving measure, yet the impact on patient’s health and healthcare utilisation has not been measured.

Background The EQ-5D, a generic health status questionnaire that is widely used in health economic evaluation, was recently expanded to the EQ-5D-5L to address criticisms of unresponsiveness and ...